Overview / Industries
Non-ferrous metals
Low-carbon share of non-ferrous metals energy, 2024
Click a highlighted country to filter. Grey countries are not covered by Eurostat.
Low-carbon share
< 10%
10–20
20–30
30–40
40–50
≥ 50%No sector data
European Union (27) — final energy use
80.5 TWh2024
Low-carbon share
34.2%
Fossil share
63.3%
Delivered as electricity
47.8%
European Union (27) — energy sources
2024
Show data table
| Source | TWh | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 5.1 | 6.4% |
| Natural gas | 41.7 | 51.8% |
| Wind | 6.8 | 8.5% |
| Solar | 4.3 | 5.3% |
| Nuclear | 9.0 | 11.2% |
| Bioenergy & other renewables | 2.3 | 2.9% |
| Coal | 4.9 | 6.1% |
| Oil | 4.3 | 5.4% |
| Other (heat, waste) | 2.0 | 2.5% |
European Union (27) — over time
Show data table
| Year | Hydro | Natural gas | Wind | Solar | Nuclear | Bioenergy & other renewables | Coal | Oil | Other (heat, waste) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 5.1 | 41.7 | 6.8 | 4.3 | 9.0 | 2.3 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 2.0 |
| 2023 | 5.1 | 41.1 | 7.3 | 3.9 | 9.5 | 2.6 | 6.4 | 4.0 | 1.3 |
| 2022 | 4.7 | 47.3 | 7.1 | 3.5 | 10.3 | 3.0 | 9.5 | 4.7 | 1.5 |
| 2021 | 7.2 | 54.8 | 8.0 | 3.4 | 15.2 | 3.8 | 10.4 | 5.5 | 1.5 |
| 2020 | 7.3 | 50.6 | 8.4 | 3.0 | 14.4 | 3.7 | 9.2 | 5.5 | 1.7 |
| 2019 | 6.7 | 52.2 | 7.7 | 2.6 | 16.0 | 3.5 | 11.4 | 5.9 | 1.7 |
| 2018 | 7.5 | 50.9 | 7.0 | 2.5 | 16.6 | 3.6 | 15.0 | 6.3 | 1.6 |
| 2017 | 6.5 | 47.9 | 6.9 | 2.4 | 16.7 | 3.6 | 15.6 | 6.4 | 1.7 |
| 2016 | 7.0 | 45.7 | 5.4 | 2.1 | 15.7 | 3.2 | 16.8 | 6.3 | 1.9 |
| 2015 | 6.9 | 42.6 | 5.4 | 2.1 | 16.2 | 3.2 | 17.7 | 5.9 | 1.7 |
| 2014 | 7.3 | 39.2 | 4.4 | 1.9 | 16.1 | 3.0 | 16.8 | 6.0 | 1.7 |
| 2013 | 7.1 | 40.5 | 4.0 | 1.6 | 15.6 | 3.0 | 17.4 | 6.9 | 2.1 |
| 2012 | 6.7 | 40.2 | 3.8 | 1.4 | 16.3 | 2.8 | 18.7 | 7.4 | 2.3 |
| 2011 | 6.6 | 44.5 | 3.6 | 1.0 | 18.0 | 2.8 | 19.4 | 10.1 | 2.3 |
| 2010 | 7.4 | 42.7 | 2.8 | 0.5 | 17.0 | 2.4 | 17.3 | 11.4 | 2.7 |
| 2009 | 6.3 | 39.3 | 2.4 | 0.3 | 15.8 | 2.1 | 16.3 | 11.0 | 2.1 |
| 2008 | 7.5 | 43.1 | 2.6 | 0.2 | 20.4 | 2.2 | 21.8 | 15.1 | 1.9 |
| 2007 | 7.4 | 43.6 | 2.4 | 0.1 | 21.0 | 2.1 | 25.1 | 15.4 | 2.1 |
| 2006 | 7.3 | 42.6 | 1.9 | 0.1 | 21.5 | 1.9 | 23.9 | 17.2 | 1.4 |
| 2005 | 7.8 | 41.4 | 1.7 | 0.0 | 23.2 | 2.5 | 26.7 | 18.4 | 1.5 |
Country comparison, 2024
Sorted by low-carbon share. Electricity attributed to each country's generation mix.
Click a bar to drill down.
Show data table
| Country | Hydro | Natural gas | Wind | Solar | Nuclear | Bioenergy & other renewables | Coal | Oil | Other (heat, waste) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iceland | 70.5% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 29.2% | 0.0% | 0.2% | 0.0% |
| Norway | 83.8% | 2.5% | 8.8% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 0.3% | 2.3% | 1.9% | 0.1% |
| Albania | 77.8% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 3.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 16.6% | 2.2% | 0.0% |
| Finland | 12.3% | 0.7% | 17.6% | 0.8% | 28.0% | 9.4% | 3.5% | 11.6% | 16.0% |
| France | 9.0% | 30.0% | 5.7% | 3.1% | 48.0% | 1.4% | 0.1% | 2.1% | 0.5% |
| Montenegro | 50.1% | 0.0% | 7.6% | 1.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 40.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Belgium | 0.4% | 50.8% | 10.8% | 6.6% | 24.0% | 2.8% | 0.0% | 4.5% | 0.0% |
| Romania | 16.9% | 49.1% | 7.6% | 4.1% | 13.0% | 0.6% | 8.4% | 0.4% | 0.0% |
| Spain | 6.3% | 54.5% | 11.3% | 10.6% | 9.9% | 1.1% | 0.5% | 5.7% | 0.0% |
| Bulgaria | 3.8% | 30.5% | 2.0% | 7.4% | 21.4% | 2.3% | 12.3% | 8.3% | 12.0% |
| Austria | 24.4% | 56.9% | 4.9% | 4.4% | 0.0% | 2.9% | 1.8% | 3.4% | 1.3% |
| Latvia | 24.1% | 60.3% | 2.1% | 4.1% | 0.0% | 4.7% | 0.0% | 4.8% | 0.0% |
| Netherlands | 0.0% | 59.0% | 17.1% | 11.2% | 1.8% | 3.4% | 3.8% | 3.6% | 0.0% |
| Portugal | 11.9% | 61.4% | 11.5% | 5.7% | 0.0% | 3.2% | 0.0% | 6.3% | 0.0% |
| Croatia | 18.4% | 60.8% | 7.3% | 2.2% | 0.0% | 2.7% | 2.2% | 6.3% | 0.0% |
| Hungary | 0.2% | 64.9% | 0.7% | 9.7% | 16.8% | 2.0% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 0.6% |
| Germany | 2.4% | 51.5% | 14.0% | 7.4% | 0.0% | 5.1% | 12.2% | 5.9% | 1.5% |
| Estonia | 0.2% | 0.6% | 8.2% | 8.4% | 0.0% | 10.5% | 0.0% | 66.8% | 5.3% |
| Greece | 3.3% | 66.6% | 11.4% | 10.2% | 0.0% | 0.6% | 3.0% | 4.9% | 0.0% |
| Czechia | 1.4% | 59.9% | 0.3% | 1.9% | 15.5% | 2.8% | 17.5% | 0.3% | 0.4% |
| Slovenia | 9.0% | 68.7% | 0.0% | 2.1% | 9.8% | 0.4% | 7.0% | 2.9% | 0.1% |
| Serbia | 11.5% | 45.8% | 1.4% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 7.5% | 26.5% | 2.7% | 4.4% |
| North Macedonia | 10.7% | 10.1% | 1.3% | 7.0% | 0.0% | 0.5% | 18.5% | 51.9% | 0.0% |
| Italy | 7.0% | 76.5% | 2.9% | 4.7% | 0.0% | 3.0% | 1.2% | 4.7% | 0.0% |
| Slovakia | 3.3% | 39.5% | 0.0% | 0.5% | 12.4% | 1.1% | 2.7% | 39.0% | 1.7% |
| Türkiye | 7.8% | 31.3% | 3.8% | 2.7% | 0.0% | 2.0% | 34.8% | 17.6% | 0.0% |
| Poland | 0.5% | 45.6% | 6.4% | 4.4% | 0.0% | 2.0% | 34.5% | 3.0% | 3.5% |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 7.9% | 24.3% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 58.5% | 8.1% | 0.0% |
| Ireland | 0.3% | 91.8% | 4.6% | 0.4% | 0.0% | 0.5% | 0.2% | 2.1% | 0.0% |
| Kosovo | 0.3% | 0.0% | 0.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 8.3% | 90.9% | 0.0% |
| Cyprus | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 99.9% | 0.0% |
| Sweden | 0.0% | 6.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 35.4% | 58.4% |
| Moldova | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Method. Eurostat reports what each sector consumes by carrier (gas, oil, electricity, heat…). Electricity is split across the country's generation sources for the same year (OWID / Ember), which is how wind, solar, hydro and nuclear appear here. Derived heat and non-renewable waste are shown as "Other".