Overview / Industries
Other manufacturing
Low-carbon share of other manufacturing energy, 2024
Click a highlighted country to filter. Grey countries are not covered by Eurostat.
Low-carbon share
< 10%
10–20
20–30
30–40
40–50
≥ 50%No sector data
European Union (27) — final energy use
163.9 TWh2024
Low-carbon share
66.2%
Fossil share
31.2%
Delivered as electricity
42.1%
European Union (27) — energy sources
2024
Show data table
| Source | TWh | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 9.2 | 5.6% |
| Natural gas | 31.2 | 19.0% |
| Wind | 12.2 | 7.5% |
| Solar | 7.8 | 4.8% |
| Nuclear | 16.2 | 9.9% |
| Bioenergy & other renewables | 63.1 | 38.5% |
| Coal | 9.0 | 5.5% |
| Oil | 10.9 | 6.7% |
| Other (heat, waste) | 4.3 | 2.7% |
European Union (27) — over time
Show data table
| Year | Hydro | Natural gas | Wind | Solar | Nuclear | Bioenergy & other renewables | Coal | Oil | Other (heat, waste) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 9.2 | 31.2 | 12.2 | 7.8 | 16.2 | 63.1 | 9.0 | 10.9 | 4.3 |
| 2023 | 7.7 | 31.2 | 11.1 | 6.1 | 14.4 | 9.3 | 7.8 | 12.8 | 6.5 |
| 2022 | 8.4 | 38.8 | 12.9 | 6.6 | 18.6 | 10.6 | 14.3 | 16.7 | 6.9 |
| 2021 | 8.4 | 38.6 | 9.3 | 4.1 | 17.6 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 13.4 | 7.0 |
| 2020 | 9.1 | 35.9 | 10.4 | 3.9 | 17.9 | 10.3 | 9.8 | 10.7 | 9.1 |
| 2019 | 8.2 | 37.2 | 9.4 | 3.4 | 19.6 | 10.9 | 12.7 | 11.3 | 15.1 |
| 2018 | 8.7 | 35.7 | 8.1 | 3.0 | 19.2 | 10.8 | 16.3 | 10.0 | 11.8 |
| 2017 | 7.7 | 39.0 | 8.2 | 3.0 | 20.0 | 10.7 | 17.6 | 10.2 | 12.2 |
| 2016 | 9.0 | 38.6 | 7.0 | 2.8 | 20.1 | 10.9 | 18.7 | 10.7 | 12.0 |
| 2015 | 8.6 | 34.4 | 6.8 | 2.7 | 20.2 | 11.3 | 18.9 | 13.0 | 11.7 |
| 2014 | 12.3 | 41.6 | 7.4 | 3.2 | 27.0 | 12.3 | 23.9 | 14.3 | 12.1 |
| 2013 | 8.9 | 41.5 | 5.1 | 2.2 | 19.6 | 9.9 | 18.8 | 12.7 | 13.0 |
| 2012 | 8.3 | 42.8 | 4.7 | 1.9 | 20.3 | 10.4 | 20.0 | 17.4 | 12.6 |
| 2011 | 7.7 | 47.5 | 4.1 | 1.3 | 21.0 | 10.1 | 19.7 | 15.4 | 12.4 |
| 2010 | 8.5 | 86.9 | 3.2 | 0.6 | 19.6 | 9.3 | 17.9 | 23.2 | 31.9 |
| 2009 | 7.9 | 66.1 | 3.0 | 0.4 | 19.9 | 9.6 | 18.6 | 24.0 | 32.6 |
| 2008 | 8.3 | 96.9 | 2.9 | 0.2 | 22.7 | 10.8 | 22.0 | 28.6 | 35.9 |
| 2007 | 9.5 | 99.3 | 3.1 | 0.1 | 27.0 | 10.9 | 29.5 | 30.1 | 31.3 |
| 2006 | 9.2 | 82.6 | 2.3 | 0.1 | 27.2 | 9.9 | 28.7 | 29.9 | 35.7 |
| 2005 | 9.9 | 100.0 | 2.2 | 0.1 | 29.5 | 9.3 | 30.1 | 28.7 | 31.9 |
Country comparison, 2024
Sorted by low-carbon share. Electricity attributed to each country's generation mix.
Click a bar to drill down.
Show data table
| Country | Hydro | Natural gas | Wind | Solar | Nuclear | Bioenergy & other renewables | Coal | Oil | Other (heat, waste) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sweden | 4.8% | 0.1% | 3.0% | 0.3% | 3.7% | 84.3% | 2.1% | 1.1% | 0.7% |
| Lithuania | 4.0% | 16.2% | 30.8% | 12.6% | 0.0% | 27.9% | 0.0% | 6.1% | 2.3% |
| Georgia | 69.2% | 30.0% | 0.6% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Croatia | 13.3% | 18.3% | 5.3% | 1.6% | 0.0% | 48.8% | 1.6% | 4.2% | 6.8% |
| Norway | 59.0% | 9.3% | 6.2% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 3.2% | 0.0% | 21.4% | 0.7% |
| Denmark | 0.0% | 14.6% | 37.9% | 7.0% | 0.0% | 20.3% | 3.2% | 5.9% | 11.0% |
| Portugal | 23.6% | 28.2% | 22.7% | 11.2% | 0.0% | 7.6% | 0.2% | 6.4% | 0.0% |
| Austria | 39.4% | 28.1% | 7.9% | 7.0% | 0.0% | 9.3% | 0.0% | 3.8% | 4.4% |
| France | 7.9% | 24.5% | 5.1% | 3.1% | 42.5% | 2.1% | 5.8% | 6.0% | 3.0% |
| Spain | 8.5% | 32.5% | 15.4% | 14.5% | 13.5% | 8.6% | 0.6% | 6.3% | 0.0% |
| Latvia | 17.5% | 13.7% | 1.5% | 2.9% | 0.0% | 38.2% | 0.0% | 2.5% | 23.8% |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 20.7% | 0.4% | 1.4% | 1.5% | 0.0% | 34.5% | 35.4% | 6.2% | 0.0% |
| Luxembourg | 4.5% | 39.1% | 18.8% | 14.7% | 0.0% | 18.0% | 0.0% | 4.7% | 0.1% |
| Bulgaria | 5.5% | 21.0% | 2.9% | 10.8% | 31.0% | 5.4% | 20.7% | 2.5% | 0.2% |
| Finland | 9.2% | 2.6% | 13.2% | 0.6% | 21.1% | 7.9% | 0.5% | 14.2% | 30.6% |
| Slovakia | 7.7% | 44.6% | 0.0% | 1.1% | 28.9% | 14.2% | 0.8% | 2.8% | 0.0% |
| Romania | 11.5% | 23.1% | 5.2% | 2.8% | 8.8% | 23.3% | 5.7% | 18.8% | 0.8% |
| Hungary | 0.4% | 42.6% | 1.2% | 15.5% | 27.0% | 5.2% | 5.4% | 2.2% | 0.5% |
| Estonia | 0.3% | 6.7% | 9.4% | 9.6% | 0.0% | 28.0% | 0.0% | 35.7% | 10.4% |
| Netherlands | 0.0% | 45.8% | 16.3% | 10.7% | 1.7% | 17.4% | 3.6% | 3.0% | 1.4% |
| Slovenia | 18.1% | 33.0% | 0.0% | 4.3% | 19.8% | 3.7% | 11.9% | 4.7% | 4.5% |
| Italy | 15.8% | 48.0% | 6.6% | 11.6% | 0.0% | 9.3% | 1.2% | 4.9% | 2.6% |
| Greece | 4.9% | 40.4% | 17.3% | 17.6% | 0.0% | 1.1% | 4.5% | 14.1% | 0.0% |
| Czechia | 2.3% | 23.7% | 0.6% | 3.1% | 25.3% | 5.4% | 22.8% | 6.4% | 10.6% |
| Iceland | 1.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 33.5% | 0.0% | 1.9% | 62.9% |
| Germany | 2.6% | 33.3% | 15.6% | 8.1% | 0.0% | 8.8% | 11.7% | 14.6% | 5.3% |
| North Macedonia | 17.6% | 24.3% | 2.2% | 11.4% | 0.0% | 3.3% | 30.3% | 10.8% | 0.0% |
| Poland | 0.7% | 26.3% | 9.0% | 6.1% | 0.0% | 15.5% | 35.1% | 3.6% | 3.7% |
| Ireland | 1.4% | 61.1% | 21.4% | 2.0% | 0.0% | 2.1% | 1.2% | 10.8% | 0.0% |
| Belgium | 0.2% | 19.0% | 6.0% | 3.7% | 13.3% | 3.1% | 0.0% | 54.7% | 0.0% |
| Serbia | 16.9% | 17.2% | 2.1% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 5.9% | 39.4% | 3.1% | 15.1% |
| Cyprus | 0.0% | 0.0% | 2.0% | 15.0% | 0.0% | 0.8% | 0.0% | 82.2% | 0.0% |
| Türkiye | 7.5% | 51.3% | 3.7% | 2.6% | 0.0% | 1.9% | 12.1% | 2.2% | 18.8% |
| Malta | 0.0% | 83.3% | 0.0% | 14.9% | 0.0% | 0.5% | 0.0% | 1.3% | 0.0% |
| Moldova | 4.5% | 81.4% | 3.0% | 1.4% | 0.0% | 3.4% | 0.2% | 5.7% | 0.4% |
| Montenegro | 5.1% | 0.0% | 0.8% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 4.6% | 5.3% | 84.0% | 0.0% |
| Kosovo | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 2.8% | 97.0% | 0.0% |
Method. Eurostat reports what each sector consumes by carrier (gas, oil, electricity, heat…). Electricity is split across the country's generation sources for the same year (OWID / Ember), which is how wind, solar, hydro and nuclear appear here. Derived heat and non-renewable waste are shown as "Other".