Overview / Industries
Agriculture & forestry
Low-carbon share of agriculture & forestry energy, 2024
Click a highlighted country to filter. Grey countries are not covered by Eurostat.
Low-carbon share
< 10%
10–20
20–30
30–40
40–50
≥ 50%No sector data
European Union (27) — final energy use
307.4 TWh2024
Low-carbon share
23.3%
Fossil share
75.9%
Delivered as electricity
16.2%
European Union (27) — energy sources
2024
Show data table
| Source | TWh | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 6.6 | 2.2% |
| Natural gas | 46.3 | 15.1% |
| Wind | 8.8 | 2.9% |
| Solar | 5.6 | 1.8% |
| Nuclear | 11.6 | 3.8% |
| Bioenergy & other renewables | 38.8 | 12.6% |
| Coal | 9.5 | 3.1% |
| Oil | 177.7 | 57.8% |
| Other (heat, waste) | 2.4 | 0.8% |
European Union (27) — over time
Show data table
| Year | Hydro | Natural gas | Wind | Solar | Nuclear | Bioenergy & other renewables | Coal | Oil | Other (heat, waste) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 6.6 | 46.3 | 8.8 | 5.6 | 11.6 | 38.8 | 9.5 | 177.7 | 2.4 |
| 2023 | 5.7 | 44.3 | 8.2 | 4.5 | 10.6 | 39.3 | 11.3 | 183.1 | 2.4 |
| 2022 | 4.7 | 45.3 | 7.1 | 3.7 | 10.3 | 40.7 | 14.2 | 189.0 | 2.6 |
| 2021 | 6.4 | 55.7 | 7.1 | 3.1 | 13.5 | 42.2 | 15.8 | 189.6 | 3.0 |
| 2020 | 6.5 | 52.6 | 7.5 | 2.8 | 12.9 | 39.6 | 16.4 | 189.7 | 3.0 |
| 2019 | 6.0 | 54.2 | 6.8 | 2.4 | 14.2 | 38.5 | 18.2 | 185.1 | 3.0 |
| 2018 | 6.2 | 49.1 | 5.8 | 2.1 | 13.7 | 37.7 | 22.6 | 183.9 | 2.9 |
| 2017 | 5.3 | 51.8 | 5.6 | 2.0 | 13.6 | 36.5 | 24.0 | 155.1 | 3.0 |
| 2016 | 6.1 | 51.3 | 4.7 | 1.9 | 13.6 | 35.0 | 24.4 | 152.4 | 3.0 |
| 2015 | 6.0 | 49.6 | 4.7 | 1.9 | 14.0 | 32.1 | 24.5 | 152.3 | 2.8 |
| 2014 | 6.4 | 53.0 | 3.9 | 1.7 | 14.1 | 30.1 | 25.1 | 150.3 | 3.3 |
| 2013 | 6.1 | 57.3 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 13.4 | 29.5 | 25.9 | 153.6 | 4.8 |
| 2012 | 5.5 | 59.2 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 13.5 | 26.7 | 26.2 | 150.3 | 4.5 |
| 2011 | 5.0 | 58.3 | 2.7 | 0.9 | 13.6 | 25.2 | 25.2 | 157.3 | 3.6 |
| 2010 | 6.0 | 59.9 | 2.2 | 0.4 | 13.7 | 24.1 | 26.6 | 160.2 | 3.5 |
| 2009 | 5.0 | 48.0 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 12.6 | 21.6 | 24.7 | 162.9 | 3.4 |
| 2008 | 4.6 | 51.7 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 12.6 | 19.6 | 25.1 | 168.8 | 3.4 |
| 2007 | 4.4 | 51.2 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 12.5 | 19.3 | 24.8 | 171.4 | 3.8 |
| 2006 | 4.4 | 51.8 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 12.9 | 17.0 | 26.0 | 177.3 | 4.1 |
| 2005 | 4.3 | 57.8 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 12.7 | 15.6 | 23.7 | 194.4 | 4.4 |
Country comparison, 2024
Sorted by low-carbon share. Electricity attributed to each country's generation mix.
Click a bar to drill down.
Show data table
| Country | Hydro | Natural gas | Wind | Solar | Nuclear | Bioenergy & other renewables | Coal | Oil | Other (heat, waste) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | 50.6% | 2.8% | 5.3% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 4.1% | 0.0% | 36.9% | 0.1% |
| Iceland | 34.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 23.5% | 0.0% | 14.2% | 27.7% |
| Austria | 12.4% | 4.2% | 2.5% | 2.5% | 0.0% | 36.7% | 0.0% | 39.5% | 2.2% |
| Sweden | 7.9% | 0.2% | 5.0% | 0.5% | 6.2% | 29.2% | 0.0% | 49.8% | 1.2% |
| Greece | 4.3% | 31.7% | 14.9% | 13.4% | 0.0% | 9.8% | 4.1% | 21.8% | 0.0% |
| Finland | 3.4% | 0.3% | 4.8% | 0.2% | 7.6% | 22.5% | 5.7% | 53.2% | 2.3% |
| Denmark | 0.0% | 4.0% | 15.8% | 2.9% | 0.0% | 16.3% | 1.5% | 53.1% | 6.3% |
| Albania | 6.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 27.7% | 0.0% | 65.6% | 0.0% |
| Czechia | 0.5% | 7.6% | 0.1% | 0.7% | 5.8% | 26.0% | 6.0% | 50.9% | 2.3% |
| Slovakia | 2.4% | 23.4% | 0.0% | 0.3% | 9.2% | 20.9% | 0.3% | 43.0% | 0.5% |
| Germany | 0.5% | 11.1% | 3.1% | 1.7% | 0.0% | 23.6% | 2.3% | 57.6% | 0.0% |
| Türkiye | 4.8% | 5.6% | 2.3% | 1.6% | 0.0% | 20.1% | 7.7% | 57.9% | 0.0% |
| North Macedonia | 3.7% | 3.5% | 0.5% | 2.4% | 0.0% | 19.5% | 7.1% | 63.4% | 0.0% |
| Georgia | 22.1% | 34.5% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 3.3% | 3.2% | 36.7% | 0.0% |
| Montenegro | 12.1% | 0.0% | 1.8% | 0.4% | 0.0% | 10.3% | 9.7% | 65.7% | 0.0% |
| Netherlands | 0.0% | 59.5% | 6.6% | 4.3% | 0.7% | 12.2% | 1.5% | 13.4% | 1.8% |
| France | 1.7% | 3.7% | 1.1% | 0.6% | 9.4% | 10.8% | 0.1% | 71.9% | 0.7% |
| Hungary | 0.1% | 15.1% | 0.2% | 3.2% | 5.6% | 12.4% | 0.8% | 62.4% | 0.1% |
| Latvia | 4.0% | 4.9% | 0.3% | 0.7% | 0.0% | 15.6% | 0.0% | 73.7% | 0.8% |
| Portugal | 6.6% | 3.8% | 6.4% | 3.1% | 0.0% | 2.5% | 0.0% | 77.6% | 0.0% |
| Spain | 2.3% | 7.1% | 4.1% | 4.0% | 3.6% | 3.8% | 0.2% | 74.9% | 0.0% |
| Estonia | 0.1% | 3.4% | 4.1% | 4.1% | 0.0% | 9.3% | 0.0% | 74.7% | 4.3% |
| Luxembourg | 1.3% | 0.9% | 5.5% | 4.3% | 0.0% | 6.1% | 0.0% | 81.9% | 0.0% |
| Bulgaria | 1.0% | 6.1% | 0.5% | 2.1% | 5.9% | 6.9% | 7.3% | 67.5% | 2.7% |
| Cyprus | 0.0% | 0.0% | 1.5% | 7.5% | 0.0% | 7.2% | 0.0% | 82.0% | 1.8% |
| Serbia | 5.3% | 10.0% | 0.7% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 10.0% | 12.2% | 61.7% | 0.0% |
| Belgium | 0.1% | 46.2% | 2.9% | 1.8% | 6.5% | 3.8% | 0.3% | 38.2% | 0.1% |
| Poland | 0.1% | 2.0% | 0.7% | 0.5% | 0.0% | 13.3% | 13.0% | 70.0% | 0.5% |
| Italy | 4.2% | 26.0% | 1.7% | 2.9% | 0.0% | 4.2% | 0.3% | 60.4% | 0.3% |
| Kosovo | 0.8% | 0.0% | 1.4% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 9.1% | 23.9% | 64.8% | 0.0% |
| Lithuania | 0.3% | 7.4% | 2.7% | 1.1% | 0.0% | 7.1% | 0.2% | 80.2% | 0.9% |
| Malta | 0.0% | 11.5% | 0.0% | 2.1% | 0.0% | 5.8% | 0.0% | 80.6% | 0.0% |
| Ireland | 0.4% | 7.8% | 6.0% | 0.6% | 0.0% | 0.5% | 0.3% | 84.3% | 0.0% |
| Romania | 2.4% | 11.9% | 1.1% | 0.6% | 1.8% | 1.2% | 4.8% | 75.9% | 0.4% |
| Slovenia | 1.0% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.2% | 1.1% | 3.6% | 0.6% | 93.4% | 0.0% |
| Croatia | 2.4% | 11.2% | 1.0% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 1.1% | 0.3% | 81.5% | 2.2% |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 3.6% | 0.0% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 6.1% | 89.7% | 0.0% |
| Moldova | 0.3% | 7.6% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 1.5% | 1.9% | 88.3% | 0.0% |
Method. Eurostat reports what each sector consumes by carrier (gas, oil, electricity, heat…). Electricity is split across the country's generation sources for the same year (OWID / Ember), which is how wind, solar, hydro and nuclear appear here. Derived heat and non-renewable waste are shown as "Other".