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Transport
Low-carbon share of transport energy, 2024
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Low-carbon share
< 10%
10–20
20–30
30–40
40–50
≥ 50%No sector data
European Union (27) — final energy use
3,299.7 TWh2024
Low-carbon share
7.5%
Fossil share
92.5%
Delivered as electricity
2.3%
European Union (27) — energy sources
2024
Show data table
| Source | TWh | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 10.1 | 0.3% |
| Natural gas | 49.0 | 1.5% |
| Wind | 13.4 | 0.4% |
| Solar | 8.4 | 0.3% |
| Nuclear | 17.7 | 0.5% |
| Bioenergy & other renewables | 199.4 | 6.0% |
| Coal | 7.4 | 0.2% |
| Oil | 2,994.3 | 90.7% |
European Union (27) — over time
Show data table
| Year | Hydro | Natural gas | Wind | Solar | Nuclear | Bioenergy & other renewables | Coal | Oil |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 10.1 | 49.0 | 13.4 | 8.4 | 17.7 | 199.4 | 7.4 | 2,994.3 |
| 2023 | 8.5 | 48.9 | 12.4 | 6.6 | 16.0 | 209.4 | 8.2 | 2,944.9 |
| 2022 | 6.5 | 51.2 | 9.9 | 4.9 | 14.3 | 198.7 | 10.5 | 2,966.3 |
| 2021 | 7.0 | 52.1 | 7.8 | 3.3 | 14.7 | 197.7 | 8.4 | 2,883.8 |
| 2020 | 6.8 | 46.1 | 7.8 | 2.8 | 13.4 | 189.5 | 6.9 | 2,656.7 |
| 2019 | 6.5 | 54.3 | 7.5 | 2.5 | 15.6 | 187.4 | 9.2 | 3,083.9 |
| 2018 | 7.0 | 49.6 | 6.5 | 2.3 | 15.4 | 180.8 | 12.1 | 3,064.0 |
| 2017 | 5.9 | 48.7 | 6.2 | 2.1 | 15.2 | 164.1 | 12.8 | 3,065.1 |
| 2016 | 6.9 | 46.4 | 5.3 | 2.0 | 15.3 | 150.6 | 13.1 | 3,013.3 |
| 2015 | 6.6 | 43.0 | 5.2 | 2.0 | 15.4 | 154.3 | 13.9 | 2,938.3 |
| 2014 | 7.3 | 41.8 | 4.4 | 1.8 | 16.0 | 154.3 | 13.6 | 2,898.8 |
| 2013 | 7.3 | 44.5 | 4.2 | 1.7 | 16.0 | 142.8 | 14.5 | 2,871.4 |
| 2012 | 6.5 | 42.4 | 3.7 | 1.4 | 15.9 | 160.0 | 14.6 | 2,899.8 |
| 2011 | 6.1 | 46.3 | 3.3 | 0.9 | 16.6 | 149.9 | 14.4 | 3,022.9 |
| 2010 | 7.1 | 42.1 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 16.3 | 141.9 | 13.4 | 3,032.0 |
| 2009 | 6.5 | 40.6 | 2.5 | 0.3 | 16.3 | 125.2 | 13.9 | 3,058.6 |
| 2008 | 6.2 | 45.3 | 2.2 | 0.1 | 16.9 | 106.0 | 14.4 | 3,157.0 |
| 2007 | 6.0 | 43.3 | 1.9 | 0.1 | 16.9 | 86.1 | 16.1 | 3,223.6 |
| 2006 | 6.1 | 41.9 | 1.6 | 0.0 | 18.1 | 61.9 | 16.2 | 3,194.5 |
| 2005 | 6.4 | 43.1 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 19.1 | 37.9 | 16.9 | 3,150.0 |
Country comparison, 2024
Sorted by low-carbon share. Electricity attributed to each country's generation mix.
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Show data table
| Country | Hydro | Natural gas | Wind | Solar | Nuclear | Bioenergy & other renewables | Coal | Oil |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 21.5% | 0.0% | 78.4% |
| Norway | 6.4% | 2.3% | 0.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 11.1% | 0.0% | 79.6% |
| Sweden | 2.3% | 0.3% | 1.5% | 0.2% | 1.8% | 11.7% | 0.0% | 82.2% |
| Finland | 0.6% | 0.7% | 0.8% | 0.0% | 1.3% | 13.5% | 0.0% | 83.0% |
| Austria | 2.7% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.0% | 7.9% | 0.0% | 87.5% |
| Netherlands | 0.0% | 2.2% | 1.1% | 0.7% | 0.1% | 9.2% | 0.2% | 86.3% |
| Belgium | 0.0% | 1.5% | 0.6% | 0.4% | 1.3% | 8.0% | 0.0% | 88.2% |
| Luxembourg | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.0% | 8.9% | 0.0% | 90.1% |
| Iceland | 0.6% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 9.3% | 0.0% | 90.2% |
| France | 0.3% | 0.9% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 1.7% | 7.3% | 0.0% | 89.4% |
| Denmark | 0.0% | 0.4% | 1.9% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 7.0% | 0.2% | 90.3% |
| Slovakia | 0.4% | 0.9% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 1.5% | 6.6% | 0.0% | 90.5% |
| Ireland | 0.0% | 0.9% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 8.1% | 0.0% | 90.6% |
| Romania | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.3% | 7.1% | 0.2% | 91.5% |
| Hungary | 0.0% | 1.1% | 0.0% | 0.6% | 1.0% | 6.1% | 0.2% | 90.9% |
| Lithuania | 0.0% | 1.4% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 6.8% | 0.0% | 91.5% |
| Portugal | 0.4% | 0.7% | 0.4% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 6.1% | 0.0% | 92.1% |
| Germany | 0.1% | 1.8% | 0.9% | 0.5% | 0.0% | 5.6% | 0.7% | 90.5% |
| Estonia | 0.0% | 1.9% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 6.6% | 0.0% | 91.3% |
| Spain | 0.2% | 1.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 5.3% | 0.0% | 92.5% |
| Poland | 0.0% | 0.5% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 5.7% | 0.8% | 92.6% |
| Latvia | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 5.3% | 0.0% | 93.4% |
| Czechia | 0.1% | 1.2% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.9% | 4.8% | 0.8% | 92.1% |
| Slovenia | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.5% | 4.8% | 0.3% | 93.6% |
| Bulgaria | 0.1% | 5.0% | 0.0% | 0.2% | 0.4% | 4.8% | 0.2% | 89.2% |
| Malta | 0.0% | 0.6% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 5.1% | 0.0% | 94.1% |
| Italy | 0.4% | 3.5% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 3.9% | 0.0% | 91.8% |
| Cyprus | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 3.4% | 0.0% | 96.6% |
| Georgia | 0.9% | 24.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 74.8% |
| Croatia | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 99.0% |
| Türkiye | 0.1% | 0.9% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.5% | 0.2% | 98.3% |
| Serbia | 0.3% | 1.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.8% | 97.6% |
| Montenegro | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 99.7% |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.1% | 0.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.2% | 99.2% |
| Greece | 0.0% | 0.7% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 99.1% |
| Moldova | 0.0% | 1.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 98.5% |
| North Macedonia | 0.0% | 0.4% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 99.6% |
| Kosovo | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% |
Method. Eurostat reports what each sector consumes by carrier (gas, oil, electricity, heat…). Electricity is split across the country's generation sources for the same year (OWID / Ember), which is how wind, solar, hydro and nuclear appear here. Derived heat and non-renewable waste are shown as "Other".