Overview / Industries
Industry (total)
Low-carbon share of industry (total) energy, 2024
Click a highlighted country to filter. Grey countries are not covered by Eurostat.
Low-carbon share
< 10%
10–20
20–30
30–40
40–50
≥ 50%No sector data
European Union (27) — final energy use
2,506.3 TWh2024
Low-carbon share
35.4%
Fossil share
57.1%
Delivered as electricity
33.3%
European Union (27) — energy sources
2024
Show data table
| Source | TWh | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 111.3 | 4.4% |
| Natural gas | 926.1 | 36.9% |
| Wind | 147.9 | 5.9% |
| Solar | 92.7 | 3.7% |
| Nuclear | 195.6 | 7.8% |
| Bioenergy & other renewables | 340.2 | 13.6% |
| Coal | 216.1 | 8.6% |
| Oil | 288.8 | 11.5% |
| Other (heat, waste) | 187.6 | 7.5% |
European Union (27) — over time
Show data table
| Year | Hydro | Natural gas | Wind | Solar | Nuclear | Bioenergy & other renewables | Coal | Oil | Other (heat, waste) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 111.3 | 926.1 | 147.9 | 92.7 | 195.6 | 340.2 | 216.1 | 288.8 | 187.6 |
| 2023 | 100.3 | 921.4 | 145.1 | 77.4 | 188.1 | 333.0 | 242.5 | 304.0 | 189.3 |
| 2022 | 86.4 | 997.0 | 132.0 | 65.9 | 190.6 | 330.7 | 310.1 | 321.1 | 205.2 |
| 2021 | 111.3 | 1,134.1 | 123.7 | 52.3 | 233.8 | 331.8 | 312.8 | 313.6 | 210.7 |
| 2020 | 111.6 | 1,048.7 | 128.0 | 46.7 | 219.7 | 326.8 | 288.0 | 309.5 | 225.8 |
| 2019 | 103.9 | 1,072.2 | 119.2 | 40.6 | 248.4 | 325.5 | 334.7 | 320.7 | 235.0 |
| 2018 | 111.7 | 1,054.6 | 104.2 | 37.3 | 247.6 | 318.3 | 397.8 | 327.7 | 230.1 |
| 2017 | 94.9 | 1,072.1 | 100.7 | 34.5 | 244.8 | 311.1 | 414.5 | 311.3 | 225.4 |
| 2016 | 110.7 | 1,029.7 | 85.5 | 32.4 | 245.9 | 305.2 | 418.3 | 325.7 | 227.0 |
| 2015 | 107.0 | 979.8 | 83.8 | 32.1 | 250.5 | 293.6 | 433.6 | 330.6 | 217.7 |
| 2014 | 119.2 | 980.6 | 71.7 | 30.3 | 261.8 | 283.1 | 429.3 | 325.9 | 218.8 |
| 2013 | 115.7 | 1,023.1 | 65.9 | 26.5 | 253.5 | 275.6 | 438.1 | 335.5 | 225.2 |
| 2012 | 105.1 | 1,034.1 | 59.5 | 22.5 | 257.4 | 267.7 | 456.6 | 364.6 | 224.0 |
| 2011 | 99.0 | 1,067.4 | 53.3 | 15.5 | 269.8 | 271.1 | 465.8 | 388.3 | 217.3 |
| 2010 | 116.9 | 1,080.6 | 44.0 | 7.5 | 268.6 | 264.2 | 434.9 | 407.7 | 211.5 |
| 2009 | 101.2 | 984.4 | 38.3 | 4.4 | 253.8 | 241.3 | 419.3 | 417.9 | 204.9 |
| 2008 | 110.4 | 1,171.8 | 38.4 | 2.6 | 299.9 | 244.3 | 519.4 | 484.1 | 212.7 |
| 2007 | 107.3 | 1,190.0 | 34.8 | 1.4 | 304.1 | 254.1 | 571.8 | 518.7 | 208.0 |
| 2006 | 107.2 | 1,157.2 | 27.2 | 0.9 | 316.3 | 240.1 | 561.7 | 529.8 | 195.0 |
| 2005 | 108.0 | 1,224.4 | 24.0 | 0.5 | 322.3 | 228.5 | 563.3 | 540.3 | 188.5 |
Country comparison, 2024
Sorted by low-carbon share. Electricity attributed to each country's generation mix.
Click a bar to drill down.
Show data table
| Country | Hydro | Natural gas | Wind | Solar | Nuclear | Bioenergy & other renewables | Coal | Oil | Other (heat, waste) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iceland | 67.5% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 28.9% | 0.0% | 1.7% | 1.9% |
| Sweden | 13.0% | 1.9% | 8.1% | 0.8% | 10.2% | 48.5% | 2.9% | 9.1% | 5.6% |
| Norway | 57.9% | 4.1% | 6.1% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 8.4% | 8.6% | 12.3% | 2.3% |
| Finland | 5.3% | 5.9% | 7.6% | 0.3% | 12.1% | 42.3% | 2.5% | 11.0% | 12.9% |
| Latvia | 8.4% | 13.6% | 0.7% | 1.4% | 0.0% | 55.6% | 0.8% | 7.4% | 11.9% |
| Portugal | 10.3% | 29.6% | 9.9% | 4.9% | 0.0% | 29.4% | 0.1% | 12.1% | 3.6% |
| Luxembourg | 3.8% | 37.4% | 15.8% | 12.4% | 0.0% | 19.2% | 3.7% | 5.7% | 2.1% |
| Estonia | 0.1% | 11.5% | 5.2% | 5.3% | 0.0% | 36.5% | 0.2% | 24.6% | 16.5% |
| Austria | 18.0% | 36.0% | 3.6% | 3.2% | 0.0% | 21.3% | 4.6% | 6.7% | 6.5% |
| France | 4.5% | 36.9% | 2.9% | 1.6% | 24.2% | 8.9% | 1.8% | 11.3% | 7.9% |
| Lithuania | 1.9% | 29.9% | 14.4% | 5.9% | 0.0% | 19.8% | 6.6% | 6.3% | 15.3% |
| Denmark | 0.0% | 29.9% | 20.3% | 3.8% | 0.0% | 15.3% | 3.7% | 20.3% | 6.8% |
| Spain | 3.8% | 47.3% | 6.8% | 6.4% | 6.0% | 14.5% | 2.1% | 11.6% | 1.5% |
| Hungary | 0.2% | 36.5% | 0.7% | 9.4% | 16.3% | 9.5% | 3.5% | 14.1% | 9.9% |
| Slovenia | 12.3% | 37.9% | 0.0% | 2.9% | 13.4% | 7.2% | 9.5% | 8.9% | 7.8% |
| Slovakia | 4.5% | 28.8% | 0.0% | 0.6% | 16.9% | 12.0% | 19.1% | 11.5% | 6.5% |
| Bulgaria | 2.2% | 29.9% | 1.1% | 4.3% | 12.4% | 13.2% | 15.7% | 14.1% | 7.2% |
| Albania | 29.1% | 3.3% | 0.0% | 1.7% | 0.0% | 2.2% | 41.6% | 22.1% | 0.0% |
| Belgium | 0.2% | 44.6% | 5.6% | 3.4% | 12.6% | 8.6% | 4.2% | 17.2% | 3.5% |
| Czechia | 1.2% | 32.7% | 0.3% | 1.7% | 13.7% | 12.4% | 22.7% | 4.2% | 11.2% |
| Georgia | 26.6% | 34.8% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 23.9% | 14.4% | 0.0% |
| Germany | 1.7% | 40.3% | 10.0% | 5.2% | 0.0% | 9.5% | 17.0% | 6.3% | 10.1% |
| Greece | 2.5% | 39.9% | 8.8% | 7.9% | 0.0% | 6.3% | 3.7% | 30.9% | 0.0% |
| Italy | 8.0% | 59.7% | 3.3% | 5.4% | 0.0% | 6.2% | 2.2% | 11.4% | 3.8% |
| Croatia | 11.3% | 33.0% | 4.5% | 1.4% | 0.0% | 5.7% | 6.7% | 25.3% | 12.1% |
| Romania | 7.8% | 35.9% | 3.6% | 1.9% | 6.0% | 3.5% | 9.1% | 22.8% | 9.3% |
| Montenegro | 7.5% | 0.0% | 1.1% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 13.7% | 8.5% | 69.0% | 0.0% |
| Ireland | 0.7% | 56.1% | 10.2% | 1.0% | 0.0% | 9.4% | 2.3% | 17.0% | 3.3% |
| Poland | 0.4% | 30.6% | 4.7% | 3.2% | 0.0% | 12.6% | 32.0% | 6.5% | 9.9% |
| Cyprus | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.8% | 5.3% | 0.0% | 13.6% | 5.1% | 52.5% | 22.7% |
| Serbia | 10.5% | 24.1% | 1.3% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 7.7% | 29.1% | 16.9% | 10.2% |
| North Macedonia | 8.5% | 22.2% | 1.1% | 5.5% | 0.0% | 2.6% | 16.0% | 44.0% | 0.1% |
| Türkiye | 6.9% | 35.3% | 3.4% | 2.4% | 0.0% | 1.8% | 32.3% | 12.2% | 5.7% |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 11.3% | 9.1% | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.0% | 1.3% | 60.6% | 16.1% | 0.1% |
| Netherlands | 0.0% | 41.9% | 6.2% | 4.0% | 0.7% | 2.8% | 5.1% | 29.3% | 10.0% |
| Malta | 0.0% | 63.8% | 0.0% | 11.4% | 0.0% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 24.4% | 0.0% |
| Moldova | 1.5% | 51.5% | 1.0% | 0.5% | 0.0% | 2.3% | 2.5% | 23.9% | 16.8% |
| Kosovo | 0.8% | 0.0% | 1.4% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 1.9% | 30.5% | 65.3% | 0.0% |
Method. Eurostat reports what each sector consumes by carrier (gas, oil, electricity, heat…). Electricity is split across the country's generation sources for the same year (OWID / Ember), which is how wind, solar, hydro and nuclear appear here. Derived heat and non-renewable waste are shown as "Other".